ABSTRACT
With the wide application of Chinese herbal medicine around the world and the continuous perfection of adverse drug reaction monitoring system,herb-induced liver injury (HILI) has attracted more and more attention,but its actual incidence remains unknown.As is reported in the literature,its constituent ratio ranged from 20％ to 30％ and there are many clinical types,among which hepatocellular injury is the most common type.There are many causes of HILI,including pharmaceutical factors,factors associated with the human body,lack of preclinical evaluation,and unreasonable clinical application.Currently it is difficult to make a diagnosis of HILI,and tracing the source of Chinese herbal medicine may play an important role in the diagnosis of this disease.Liver injury induced by Chinese herbal medicine should be taken seriously and active diagnosis and effective prevention and treatment should be performed.
ABSTRACT
Pre-S2 protein in 78 samples of liver from patients with various types of hepatitis B was determined by immunohistochemical method.45 out of 78 samples (57.69%) were positive for pre-S2.The location and expression patterns of pre-S2 were similar to those of HBsAg,i.e.,pre-S2 was found in cytoplasm of hepatocytes,epithelial cells of bile ducts,and hepatocellular carcinoma cells,etc,Four different patterns diffuse,inclusion,submembranous,and membranous type were demonstrated.The membranous expression of pre-S2 was often associated with activity of liver diseases.The positive rate of pre-S2 was significantly higher in HBcAg positive group than HBcAg negative group.It seems that pre-S2 protein of HBV may be a replicative marker of HBV.